Fluid-pressure engine.



WAT. LEWIS. FLUID PRESSURE ENGINE.

PPLIoATIoN FILED rma. 2e. 190e.

Patented Mar. 3o,`19o9.

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WILLIAM T. LEWIS, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO.

FLUID -PRE S SURE ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 26, 1906.

Patented March 30, 1909.

Serial No. 302,971.

[o all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VViLLniM T. Lnwrs, a citizen of the United States,residing at Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Fluid-Pressure Ilngines;and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, suoli as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates more especially to the type of fluid pressureengine illustrated in Letters Patent of the United States No. 571,144,dated November 10, 1896, s aid type comprising in a general way a casinghaving an interior wall dividing it into two chambers in each of whichis a piston and valve, the pistons and valves respectively beingconnected by means extending through the interior wall. As shown in saidpatent the chambersat each side of the dividing` wall are connected byan outside fluid passage (indicated in the patent by the character 14)and the chief object of the present invention is to provide an improvedconstruction in which this outside passage is dispensed with.

The invention consists in the construction hereinafter described andclaimed, it not being my intention to limit myself in its einbodiment tothe precise forins and arrangement of parts shown in the accompanyingdrawings.

In the said drawings-Figure 1 is a central longitudinal sectional view;Fig. 2 is a cross section on the line @a-ac Fig. 1 looking to the right;Fig. 3 is a cross section en the line y-y Fig. 1 looking to the right;Fig. 4 is a section on the line z-.e Fig. lilooking to the left.

In the several views l designates the outer casing or cylinder, and 2 adivision wall or partition that divides the casing into two chambers.The casing is, of course,provided with appropriate heads at each endthereof. The division wall 2 consists of a disk that has a peripheralgroove 2a, and the division wall is retained in place by several setscrews 2b inserted from the exterior of the casing and engaging thegroove.

Within the casing are two pistons 3 and 4 (one in each of the chambersformed by the ydivision wall) rigidly connected by a tube 5 that passesthrough the center of the division Wall. Both the pistons are suitablypacked around their peripheries to prevent leakage. The pistons are eachcomposed of two parts threaded together, the inner part being providedwith a central opening or port, the inner rim of which is concaved toforni a valve seat against which closes a valve to be presentlydescribed.

The inner part of each piston is extended as a cylindrical caging 3a and4a provided with ample openings in its sides, and threaded into theinner end of this caging is a cap or head as seen at 3b and 4b. I/Vithinvthe cages are valves 7 and S adapted to fit on the aforesaid seats; andthese valves are rigidly connected by a tube 6 extending through thetube Ihe valves referred to are each comprised of three pieces, to-wit,a backing piece consisting of a metal ring threaded on to the end of thetube, a ring or gasket of rubber or other suitable material having itsouter face convex or adapted to lit against the seat in the piston, saidring or gasket being slipped over the threads on the end of the tube,and a plug having a pro j ecting flange as shown at the left hand end ofFig. 1, threading respectively into or onto the end of the tube to holdthe ring or gasket in place.

'ihe plug referred to has a guiding teat thatl extends outward throughthe opening of the piston into a hole in a yoke piece 3 on the outerface of the piston. The two valves 7 and 8 are so situated on theirconnecting tube G that the distance between the seating faces of thegaskets thereof is less than the distance between their seats in thepiston, or so that when one gasket is seated to close the port throughits companion piston, the other valve is off its seat to uncover thecorresponding port of its piston. The tube G is provided with a lateralopening or port 6 within the caging 3a.

Secured on opposite sides of the division wall 2 are coiled springs 9and 10 tapering from their place of connection outward and toward theconnecting tube 5.

On each end of the tube 5 is a ring, as seen at 11, from the outer faceof each of which project pins 11a that pass through holes in the head ofthe cage and form an abutment at their outei' ends for the valve withinthe cage to hold it from movement with the pistons and effect theclosing of one valve and the opening of the other valve in thereciprocations of the piston as hereinatter described.'

12 designates a rod thatis shown to be connected by means of anappropriate open yoke 12a With the piston at the right hand side of thedevice. lThis rod may be used to operate a pump, organ bellows, a sewingmachine, a Washing machine, oi' to do any other Work desired.

13 designates the inlet for the operating tiuid. This inlet is locatedat one side ot' the division Wall 2, While the discharge or exhaustdesignated 14 is located at the opposite side of said Wall.

The operation is as follows: ln Fig. 1 the pistons and valves are shownas ivhen moving toward the right. 1n this position or movement the valveat the right is closed upon the opening ot the companion piston and thepressure of the incoming iluid is acting on the inner side of the pistonand valve and both pistons and valves are moved toward the right. Fluidin the right hand chamber beyond the piston exhausts through the innertube 6, the port 6El therein, around the valve 7, through the opening ofthe piston 3, and out at the discharge 14. When nearing the completionof this movement to the right the ring 11 on the left hand end of thetube abuts against the spring 9 and arrests the valves and theirconnecting tube so that upon further movement of the pistons to theright the valve at the right is un- Aseated from its piston and thevalve at the left becomes seated on its piston. rlhe pressure of theincoming fluid is then reversed with reference to the pistons and valvesand is exerted through the chamber at the right, the inner tube 6, andthe port 6a therein on the lett hand piston and valve, and both pistonsand valves are consequently moved to the left. In this movement to theleft the iiuid in the left hand chamber beyond the lei-'t hand pistonis, ot' course, directly discharged through the discharge port 14. AndWhen the pistons and valves are nearing the limit ot their movementtoward the left the ring corresponding to the ring 11 in the right handchamber abuts against the spring 10 and the motion of the valves andtheir connecting tube arrested in the same manner as before described,the arresting of the valves and their connecting tube causing the righthand valve to close the port through its companion piston after whichthe piston and valve are moved to the right as before described and asdepicted in Fig. 1. VThe division Wall 2 may be provided with anysuitable packing 15 to prevent leakage around its rim trom one chamberinto the other, and suitable packing 16 may be also provided to preventleakage between the division Wall 2 and the tube 5. The right hand headof the cylinder 1 Where the rod 12 passes through it may be providedwith a suitable stutling box and packing, as shown, to prevent leakagethrough the opening provided for said rod. rlhe purpose of the springs 9and 10 is to cushion the arrest ct the valves and their connecting tubeand so prevent noise in operation and arring of the parts.

lst Will be observed that in this construction passages tor theoperating fluid external to the casing 1 and betiveen the two chambersare avoided and the construction ot' such engines therefore greatlysimplilied and cheapened.

ln another application tiled concurrently herewith and having Serial No.302,970, l have shown another form and claimed broadly he inventionherein shown.

What l claim and desire to secure by Let-- ters Patent is:

1. ln a Huid pressure engine, the combination ot' the outer casing, aWall dividing the interior of the casing into tWo chambers, aV

ically shitting the pressure or the operating fluid from one piston tothe other through said tube.

2. ln a iiuid pressure engine, the combination of the outer casing, aWall dividing the interior ot the casing into two chambers, a piston andcooperating valve in each of said chambers, a tube connecting thepistons, a tube connecting the valves passing through said dividing Walland means for automatically shifting the pressure of the operating fluidfrom one piston to the other through said tube.

3. ln a'tluid pressure engine, the combination oit the outer casing, aWall dividing the interior of the casing into tvvo chambers, a pistonprovided with a port and a coperating valve in each orp said chambers,means connecting the pistons, and a fluid conductor connecting thevalves and passing through said dividing Wall and reciprocable Withrespect to the pistons to open and close the ports thereof and means torarresting the valves and their connecting tube to etfect the opening ofone port and the closing of the other.

4. ln a fluid pressure engine, the combination of the outer casing, aWall dividing the interior ot the casing into tivo chambers, a pistonprovided with a port and a coperating valve in each of said chambers,means connecting the pistons, and a tube connecting the valves passingthrough said dividing Wall and reciprocable With respect to the pistonsto open and close the ports therein, and means for arresting the valvesand their connecting tube to elect the opening ot one port and theclosing of the other, said means including a cushioning device.

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5. In a fluid pressure engine, the combination of the outer casing, awall dividing the interior thereof into two chambers, a piston providedwith a port and a coperating .i valve for the port in each of saidchambers,

means connecting the istons, a tube connecting the valvespassing throughthe dividing wall, a headed cage on the piston inclosing the' valve, anda movable device entering the cage and affording an abutment for thevalve.

6. In a fluid pressure engine, the combination of the out-er casing, awall dividing the interior thereof into two chambers, a piston providedwith a port and a coperating valve for the port in each of saidchambers, means connecting the pistons, a tube connecting the valvespassing through the dividing wall, a headed cage on the piston inclosingthe valve, an arresting cushion and a movable device between the cushionand valve.

7. In a fluid pressure engine, the combination of the outer casing, awall dividing the interior of the casing into two chambers, one of whichhas an inlet and the other an outlet or exhaust, a piston and acooperating valve in each of said chambers, means connecting thepistons, a tube connecting the valves passing through said dividing walland means for automatically shifting the pressure of the operating fluidfrom one piston to the other through said tube, the inlet chamber alsoexhausting through said tube.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature, in presence oi two witnesses.

VILLIAM T. LEVIS. l/Vitnesses OLIN J. Ross, BENJ. FINCKEL.

